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Note that the taxonomy of the genus Epitheca is under review and that some
authors place all current members of the genus except for Prince Baskettail
in a new genus Tetragoneuria. Prince may be placed in Epicordulia. |
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Common Baskettail (Epitheca cynosura)
Common throughout state very early in year. Amount of black in wing bases
varies, here are some examples. Some like upper left have almost no black,
most have amount at upper right, and a few have more but does not extend to
nodus or reach rear edge of wing. Females two upper right images, note very
short cerci. Older adults get pale green eyes as at middle left.
6 Mar- 4 Jul |
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Slender Baskettail (Epitheca costalis)
(formerly Stripe-winged Baskettail)
Only a few females actually have striped wings, so most are exceedingly
similar to unmarked versions of Common. Look for a narrowing of the forward part of the abdomen
and long cerci compared to Common in males, and very long cerci in
females (lower right).
13 Mar- 27 Jun |
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Mantled Baskettail (Epitheca semiaquea)
This baskettail has the most color in the wing of all GA species, 16 records
from mostly the eastern coastal plain. Smaller than Common, and black
reaches nodus and usually reaches trailing edge of wing. Females middle and lower right.
13 Mar- 28 Apr |
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Prince Baskettail (Epitheca princeps)
Note large size and black wing markings. Found throughout state. Rarely seen
perched, usually in flight making long slow patrols just away from shore, with long slender abdomen. Compare to Common
Whitetail female, which is stockier and perches low. Almost always
perches with abdomen curved as shown.
2 May- 14 Nov |
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| Note: The three species shown below
are very scarce in GA, with only a small number of records each. They are
very difficult to identify, and usually require in-hand examination of
appendages. |
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Sepia Baskettail (Epitheca sepia)
The scans on the left are from near Tallahassee 21 Apr 2005. 5
records in GA, including the image on the right from Glynn County 10 May
2006.
10 May- 29 Sep |
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Robust Baskettail (Epitheca spinosa)
There is only one historical record from GA, without county or date
information. Poorly known in the south, it may occur anywhere in the state
south of the mountains, in swampy habitat, and is on the wing very early,
probably flying mostly the first three weeks in March. In the hand, the male cerci
are distinct, but in the field very difficult to separate from Common Baskettail. Robust is slightly larger, both in length and chunkier, with
darker green eyes when mature. Females very difficult to identify even in
the hand, but also slightly larger than Common (lower right). The two males were 46mm
and 48mm, with Common only known to 43mm. All shots from Tuscaloosa AL 29
Mar or 5 Apr 2006.
17 Mar- 8 Apr |
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Florida Baskettail (Epitheca stella)
These scans of Florida Baskettail are from south Florida 16 Jan 2004. 3
records in GA, only known date 16 Mar. Probably has a very early flight
season in the state. |
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Selys' Sundragon (Helocordulia selysii)
Only a few verified records for the state (6). The first at lower left was near Conyers 17 Mar 2002.
The male (left) and female (right) in upper row were in Taylor County 23 Mar
2003.
10 Mar- 8 May |
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Uhler's Sundragon (Helocordulia uhleri)
Only 4 records for GA, these are from 15 Apr 2002 and 25 Apr 2004. Probably
overlooked among baskettails, which are similar in flight. Note amber
panels between black at base of wings to separate from Sely's. Also note
female at lower right has much thicker abdomen. Lower left by Dan Vickers.
29 Mar- 5 Jun |
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Alabama Shadowdragon (Neurocordulia
alabamensis) Shadowdragons (Neurocordulia) Four species have
been found in Georgia, either once or twice: Alabama (N alabamensis),
Smoky (N molesta), Umber (N obsoleta), and Cinnamon (N
virginiensis). All fly primarily after dark and are very difficult to find!
These images are from Bibb County AL 23 Jul 2003.
22 May- 23 Jul |
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Smoky Shadowdragon (Neurocordulia
molesta) There are only five GA records of this species. These shots
are from the Altamaha River near Doctortown on 5 June 2005. 20 Apr- 17 Jun |
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Umber Shadowdragon (Neurocordulia
obsoleta) There are only two GA records of this species (Toombs and
Morgan Counties), these shots are from CT. 1 Apr- 23 Oct |
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Cinnamon Shadowdragon (Neurocordulia
virginiensis) There are only two GA records of this species (Dougherty
Co and the two dark images on the left from Monroe County). Image at lower
right is from AL, and lower left and upper right are from near
Tallahassee 23 Apr 2005. 2 May- 18 Aug |
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Fine-lined Emerald (Somatochlora
filosa) There are 6 records mostly in south GA. Note the thin pale
stripes on the side of the thorax, which may be faded in older individuals.
Male cerci similar to Mocha but no tooth, and female has long curved
ovipositor plus long cerci. Males on left and females on right.
18 Jul- 5 Nov |
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Mocha Emerald (Somatochlora linearis)
The most common emerald, but still only 14 county records. Both sexes are pretty dull brown for an emerald, but fairly
large in size. Thorax mostly unmarked, one spot on segment 1 of abdomen.
Male cerci have obvious tooth (see lower right) and female ovipositor short
and perpendicular. All males on left, female upper right.
13 Jun- 18 Sep |
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Clamp-tipped Emerald (Somatochlora tenebrosa)
About 12 records for Georgia. Adult male upper left, note shape of
appendages (and lower right). Fresh male, very brightly marled for this
species, lower left. Adult female upper and middle right, note perpendicular
ovipositor. Markings on thorax of both sexes fade with age but almost always
visible.
27 May- 2 Oct |
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Treetop Emerald (Somatochlora provocans)
Only one record for Georgia, in Lee County. Should be uncommon throughout
the state... but seems to be hard to find! Adult male upper left, note
shape of appendages (and lower right). Appendages vaguely similar in shape
to Clamp-tipped but much flatter in profile. Adult female both middle
images, note long ovipositor but short cerci. Markings on thorax of both
sexes fade with age but almost always visible.
18 Jun- 23 Aug |
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Other emeralds are rare in
Georgia and tough to find. The other two that have been seen here are Ski-tipped (S elongata,
1 record) and
Coppery (S georgina, 2 records). A third, Calvert's Emerald (S calverti),
should occur here, and is shown in these two shots from FL.
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